Dear Sree,
Though the dictionary meaning of the words "apprentice" and a "trainee" is closer, practically there is a difference in their employment. Enrolment of the apprentice happens under the provisions of the apprentice act of the respective state. In your case, it is "
Apprentice Act, 1961. Click on the hyperlink to know further details of this act. Payment to the apprentices is under the provision of this act. A few companies like Toyota Kirloskar Motors Limited are known to give a far greater amount than stipulated by the government.
In contrast, a trainee can be employed without registering with any government authority. Otherwise, you may hire a student also. For example, the students who do a Bachelor in Hotel Management (BHM) course, part of the course curriculum is reserved for "industrial training". The duration of this training could be from three to six months. On completion of the training, a hotel gives a certificate to the student for industrial training. After this training, the student pursues the remaining part of the course. There is no statutory requirement of pay to the trainee but in order to attract the quality students, it is better to give some decent "trainee allowance".
Thanks,
Dinesh Divekar