If gratuity is included in the salary and an amount is deducted every month from gratuity with a view to paying it when the employee leaves, the same is payable even if he is leaving before five years.
As per law, gratuity is an amount payable by the employer alone and the employer is not suppose to deduct it from employee. This is a practice developed by new generation HR by which all present and future costs which the employer is incurring due to employment of a person are included in the salary/ remuneration/ CTC of that person so that the amount offered will look very attractive. While accepting such offers itself you should make an understanding as to what will be your actual salary. Since the employer has not offered any "salary" but has shown only the "Cost To Company" by employing you, there is nothing wrong from the employer's side also. However, if gratuity is shown as a deduction from gross salary in your PAY SLIP (which is a legal document) then the things will change and the employer will be liable to refund such deduction when the employee demands for it or when he leaves the organisation. This is because the employer is not suppose to make any deduction which is not permitted in the Payment of Wages Act and deduction for gratuity is not a permissible deduction.
Regards,
Madhu.T.K